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The Political Graveyard: A Database of American History
Politicians in Trouble or Disgrace

Politicians in Trouble or Disgrace: Perjury
Including subornation of perjury

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in chronological order

  Elijah Hise (1802-1867) — of Russellville, Logan County, Ky. Born in Allegheny County, Pa., July 4, 1802. Democrat. Lawyer; member of Kentucky state house of representatives, 1829; candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky, 1836; U.S. Charge d'Affaires to Guatemala, 1848-49; U.S. Representative from Kentucky 3rd District, 1866-67; died in office 1867. German ancestry. Slaveowner. Died by a self-inflicted pistol shot, in Russellville, Logan County, Ky., May 8, 1867 (age 64 years, 308 days). He left a note declaring that he had "lost all hope of … saving the country from the impending disasters and ruin in which despotic and unconstitutional rule has involved her." However, later news reports disclosed that he had been about to be indicted for perjury and tax evasion, based on his statements as a candidate. Interment at Maple Grove Cemetery, Russellville, Ky.; cenotaph at Congressional Cemetery, Washington, D.C.
  Relatives: Son of Frederick Hise and Nancy (Eckstein) Hise.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — U.S. State Dept career summary
  David King Udall (1851-1938) — of St. Johns, Apache County, Ariz. Born in St. Louis, Mo., September 7, 1851. Member of Arizona territorial legislature, 1899. Mormon. Indicted in 1884 on charges of polygamy and unlawful cohabitation; not convicted because his second wife Ida could not be found to testify against him. Convicted in 1885 of perjury in connection with a land claim, and sentenced to three years in prison. On December 12, 1885, he received a "full and unconditional pardon" from President Grover Cleveland, and was released from prison. Died, as a result of an accidental fall and myocardial insufficiency, in St. Johns, Apache County, Ariz., February 18, 1938 (age 86 years, 164 days). Interment at St. Johns Cemetery, St. Johns, Ariz.
  Relatives: Son of Eliza (King) Udall and David Udall; brother of Mary Ann Udall (who married William Thomas Stewart (1853-1935)); married, February 1, 1875, to Eliza Luella Stewart (sister of William Thomas Stewart (1853-1935)); married, May 25, 1882, to Ida Frances Hunt (granddaughter of Jefferson Hunt); married, April 9, 1903, to Mary Ann (Linton) Morgan (widow of John Hamilton Morgan); father of John Hunt Udall, Levi Stewart Udall, Jesse Addison Udall and Don Taylor Udall; grandfather of John Nicholas Udall, Stewart Lee Udall, Morris King Udall and Lee Kenyon Udall; great-grandfather of Milan Dale Smith Jr., Thomas Stewart Udall, Mark E. Udall and Gordon Harold Smith.
  Political family: Udall family of Arizona.
  See also Wikipedia article — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Albert Hiram Lennox (1842-1907) — also known as Albert H. Lennox; Albert Hiram Lenox — of Camden, Camden County, N.J. Born in Trenton, Mercer County, N.J., December 22, 1842. Shipbroker; commission merchant; Vice-Consul for Haiti in Philadelphia, Pa., 1877-83; Consul for Greece in Philadelphia, Pa., 1881-91; Consul for Haiti in Philadelphia, Pa., 1883-91; in 1891, he and other officers of some mutual benefit associations were charged in Philadelphia with obtaining money under false pretenses; in 1894, he resisted eviction for non-payment of rent; he was no longer consul, but falsely claimd diplomatic immunity; the government of Haiti contradicted his claim, and a scandal resulted. Died in Camden, Camden County, N.J., July 4, 1907 (age 64 years, 194 days). Interment at Colestown Cemetery, Cherry Hill Township, Camden County, N.J.
  Relatives: Son of Elizabeth Jane Lenox and Hiram Lenox; married to Emma Stoy.
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial
  Louis E. Otto (d. 1931) — of Key West, Monroe County, Fla. Born in Key West, Monroe County, Fla. Republican. Pharmacist; postmaster at Key West, Fla., 1898-99; arrested in June 1899, suspended from office as postmaster, and charged with forgery, perjury, and embezzlement; mayor of Key West, Fla., 1919-21; defeated, 1917. Member, Odd Fellows; Redmen. Died in St. Petersburg, Pinellas County, Fla., November 1, 1931. Burial location unknown.
  Joseph J. Cahill — of Brooklyn, Kings County, N.Y. Saloon keeper; member of New York state assembly, 1891-94 (Kings County 1st District 1891-92, Kings County 4th District 1893-94). Convicted of perjury, December 8, 1905, in an election fraud case. Burial location unknown.
  Samuel Standish — of Woodstock, McHenry County, Ill. Mayor of Woodstock, Ill., 1890. Tried and convicted of perjury, 1905, for inducing William Wooley to make a false confession to the murder of merchant Wilbur E. Latimer. Burial location unknown.
  George C. Brownell — of Oregon. Republican. Lawyer; member of Oregon state senate, 1890; indicted in February 1905 on federal charges of subornation of perjury. Burial location unknown.
Edward M. Grout Edward Marshall Grout (1861-1931) — also known as Edward M. Grout — of Brooklyn, Kings County, N.Y.; Greens Farms, Westport, Fairfield County, Conn. Born in New York, New York County, N.Y., October 27, 1861. Democrat. Lawyer; law partner of William J. Gaynor, later New York City mayor; candidate for mayor of Brooklyn, N.Y., 1895; borough president of Brooklyn, New York, 1898-1901; New York City Controller, 1902-05; delegate to Democratic National Convention from New York, 1904; president of Union Bank in Brooklyn; after the bank closed in 1911, he was indicted for perjury, based on the sworn report he had made of the bank's condition to the New York Banking Department; tried in 1915 and convicted; sentenced to prison; in 1916 the conviction was overturned, and he was not retried. Died in Greens Farms, Westport, Fairfield County, Conn., November 9, 1931 (age 70 years, 13 days). Interment at Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, N.Y.
  Relatives: Son of Edward Grout and Fanny (Marshall) Grout; married, June 4, 1889, to Ida L. Loeschigk; descendant *** of Jonathan Grout.
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial — OurCampaigns candidate detail
  Image source: American Monthly Review of Reviews, November 1901
  Thomas Mott Osborne (1859-1926) — also known as Thomas M. Osborne; "Tom Brown" — of Auburn, Cayuga County, N.Y. Born in Auburn, Cayuga County, N.Y., September 23, 1859. Delegate to Democratic National Convention from New York, 1896, 1924; Independent candidate for Lieutenant Governor of New York, 1898; mayor of Auburn, N.Y., 1903-05. Son of the founder of International Harvester; prison reformer; New York State Public Service Commissioner; New York State Fish and Game Commissioner, 1911; warden of Sing Sing Prison, Ossining, N.Y., 1914-16; indicted by a grand jury in 1915 for alleged perjury and neglect of duty; tried, but the charges were dismissed; commander of naval prison, Portsmouth, N.H., 1917-20. Died in Auburn, Cayuga County, N.Y., October 20, 1926 (age 67 years, 27 days). Interment at Fort Hill Cemetery, Auburn, N.Y.
  Relatives: Son of David Munson Osborne and Eliza Lidy (Wright) Osborne; married 1886 to Agnes Devens; father of Charles Devens Osborne and Lithgow Osborne; first cousin six times removed of Benjamin Franklin; second cousin once removed of Charles Taylor Sherman, Barzillai Bulkeley Kellogg, William Tecumseh Sherman, Lampson Parker Sherman and John Sherman; third cousin once removed of Wharton Barker; third cousin thrice removed of Ira Yale; fourth cousin of Dwight Arthur Silliman; fourth cousin once removed of Howkin Bulkley Beardslee, Henry Jarvis Raymond, Edwin Olmstead Keeler and Asbury Elliott Kellogg.
  Political family: Kellogg-Adams-Seymour-Chapin family of Connecticut and New York (subset of the Four Thousand Related Politicians).
  See also Wikipedia article — Find-A-Grave memorial
  William H. Reynolds (1868-1931) — of Long Beach, Nassau County, Long Island, N.Y. Born in Brooklyn, Kings County, N.Y., February 29, 1868. Republican. Builder; real estate developer; member of New York state senate 3rd District, 1894-95; indicted by a grand jury in August 1917 for perjury, over his 1912 expert testimony on the value of land sought by the city for a park; the grand jury alleged that he falsely denied any personal interest in the realty company which owned the property; also indicted in October 1917, with three others, for conspiracy defraud the city of $500,000 by inflating the appraisal; the indictments were dismissed in May 1920 over the prosecutor's delay of the trial; village president of Long Beach, New York, 1921-22; mayor of Long Beach, N.Y., 1922-24; removed 1924; defeated, 1925; indicted on May 1, 1924, along with the Long Beach city treasurer, for misappropriating city funds in connection with a bond issue; tried in June 1924, convicted, sentenced to six months in the county jail, and automatically removed from office as mayor; released pending appeal; the Appellate Division reversed the conviction in June 1925 and ordered a new trial; the indictment was dismissed in June 1927. English and Scotch-Irish ancestry. Member, Elks; Freemasons. Died, from heart disease, in Manhattan, New York County, N.Y., October 13, 1931 (age 63 years, 0 days). Interment at Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, N.Y.
  Relatives: Son of William Reynolds and Margaret (McChesney) Reynolds; married to Elise Guerrier.
  Robert Charles Lacey (b. 1886) — also known as Robert C. Lacey — of Buffalo, Erie County, N.Y. Born in Buffalo, Erie County, N.Y., October 10, 1886. Democrat. Coal and ice dealer; president, Buffalo Central Labor Council, 1920; member of New York state senate 49th District, 1923-24; defeated, 1924; during a railway strike in 1922, the Niagara Falls High Speed Line train line was dynamited, wrecking a train and injuring its passengers; in 1923, Lacey was charged in federal court with transporting the explosives in his car; he falsely testified to his non-involvement; later confessed to his part in the incident; pleaded guilty to perjury over his earlier testimony; sentenced to one day in jail and fined $500; pardoned in 1924 by President Calvin Coolidge; in 1925, he was again indicted for complicity in the bombing, and pleaded not guilty; after some others were acquitted, the charges were dropped; in December 1937, during an investigation into corruption involving the Buffalo city council, he was charged with perjury. Member, Eagles; Elks. Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of James Lacey and Sarah (Cooper) Lacey; married, September 30, 1908, to Harriet 'Hattie' Noack.
  Michael Joseph Hogan (1871-1940) — also known as Michael J. Hogan — of Brooklyn, Kings County, N.Y.; Rockville Centre, Nassau County, Long Island, N.Y. Born in New York, New York County, N.Y., April 22, 1871. Republican. U.S. Representative from New York 7th District, 1921-23; defeated, 1922 (7th District), 1932 (at-large); trucking business; indicted in 1934 for accepting money from applicants for New York City plumbing licenses; convicted on federal charges in 1935 of accepting bribes from illegal immigrants and helping them file false affidavits, and sentenced to a year and a day in federal prison; testified in 1936 that he had assisted in a jury tampering conspiracy. Died in Rockville Centre, Nassau County, Long Island, N.Y., May 7, 1940 (age 69 years, 15 days). Interment at Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, N.Y.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Anthony J. Argondizza (c.1899-1958) — of Maspeth, Queens, Queens County, N.Y. Born in New York, about 1899. Republican. Served in the U.S. Army during World War I; lawyer; candidate for New York state senate 3rd District, 1924; arraigned in January 1937, and pleaded not guilty on a charge of making a false oath as a bankruptcy trustee; apparently the case never proceeded to trial; alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from New York, 1948. Italian ancestry. Member, American Legion; Knights of Columbus. Died in Maspeth, Queens, Queens County, N.Y., June 21, 1958 (age about 59 years). Burial location unknown.
  Jacob P. Nathanson (1901-1986) — of Brooklyn, Kings County, N.Y.; Lake Worth (now Lake Worth Beach), Palm Beach County, Fla. Born in Russia, February 21, 1901. Democrat. Lawyer; member of New York state assembly from Kings County 14th District, 1927-33; defeated in primary, 1933. Jewish. Charged in 1930 with professional misconduct by the Brooklyn Bar Association, over his handling of a client's $500 bail payment; suspended from the practice of law in 1931, and ordered to pay restitution. Indicted in October and November 1938 on charges of forgery, grand larceny, and subornation of perjury, over his involvement in fraudulent bail bonds; pleaded guilty to subornation of perjury, and testified against other conspirators; disbarred in 1939. Died in Palm Beach County, Fla., March 2, 1986 (age 85 years, 9 days). Interment somewhere in Palm Beach County, Fla.
  Stanley J. Dombrowski (1901-1977) — of Detroit, Wayne County, Mich. Born in Detroit, Wayne County, Mich., May 7, 1901. Democrat. Member of Michigan state house of representatives from Wayne County 1st District, 1935-44; defeated in primary, 1950; in 1943, he repudiated grand jury testimony about being bribed, pleaded guilty to perjury, and was sentenced to prison; charged on January 22, 1944 (along with 19 other current and former state legislators) with accepting bribes; tried, convicted, and sentenced to 3-5 years in prison. Died in 1977 (age about 76 years). Burial location unknown.
  William W. Voisine (1897-1959) — also known as Wilfred William Voisine — of Ecorse, Wayne County, Mich. Born in Michigan, November 20, 1897. Steel executive; village president of Ecorse, Michigan, 1936-37; members of a steelworker terrorist group, the Black Legion, repeatedly attempted to kill him in 1936; Jesse Pettijohn and Lawrence Madden were later convicted of conspiracy to commit murder; mayor of Ecorse, Mich., 1948-49, 1954-57. French Canadian ancestry. Convicted in April, 1950, of falsely testifying to a Congressional committee in 1948 that he had received only the regular price for steel; sentenced to two years in federal prison. In October, 1956, a warrant was issued for his arrest, along with several members of the city council, for knowingly permitting illegal gambling in Ecorse, in return for bribes and gratuities; Gov. G. Mennen Williams initiated removal proceedings against the officials. Died in 1959 (age about 61 years). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Abel Voisine and Eugenia Jennie (Blais) Voisine; married, August 1, 1918, to Helen Pearl O'Brien.
  Ernest King Bramblett (1901-1966) — also known as Ernest K. Bramblett — of Pacific Grove, Monterey County, Calif. Born in Fresno, Fresno County, Calif., April 25, 1901. Republican. Insurance business; mayor of Pacific Grove, Calif., 1938-46; U.S. Representative from California, 1947-55 (11th District 1947-53, 13th District 1953-55). Protestant. Member, Phi Delta Kappa; Elks; Moose; Rotary; Freemasons; Scottish Rite Masons; Knights Templar; Shriners. Investigated by a federal grand jury in Washington over payroll padding in his office; he had hired his wife, received kickbacks from employees who did no work, and made false statements to the House disbursing officer; indicted on 18 counts in June 1953; pleaded not guilty; tried in February 1954; convicted on seven counts; his conviction was stayed pending appeal, but ultimately upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court; fined $5,000, placed on one-year probation, and separately required to pay restitution. Died December 27, 1966 (age 65 years, 246 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of James Mitchell Bramblett and Bettie Frances (King) Bramblett; married, May 5, 1924, to Lois Candace Bowker.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page
  Terry Doyle Schrunk (b. 1913) — also known as Terry D. Schrunk — of Portland, Multnomah County, Ore. Born in Stayton, Marion County, Ore., March 10, 1913. Democrat. Fire fighter; served in the U.S. Navy during World War II; Multnomah County Sheriff, 1949-56; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Oregon, 1952; mayor of Portland, Ore., 1957-72; indicted in March, 1957 on bribery and perjury charges; tried and found not guilty; another indictment, for conspiracy to obtain wiretaps and other related charges, was dismissed in September, 1957. Presbyterian. Member, Veterans of Foreign Wars; American Legion; Purple Heart; Elks; Eagles; Freemasons. Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of James Schrunk and Pearl Margaret (Doyle) Schrunk; married, May 17, 1936, to Virginia Dorothy Price.
  William Everett Adams (1922-1983) — also known as William E. Adams — of Tonawanda, Erie County, N.Y.; Kenmore, Erie County, N.Y. Born in Knightstown, Henry County, Ind., December 25, 1922. Republican. Served in the U.S. Army Air Force in World War II; lawyer; member of New York state assembly from Erie County 2nd District, 1957-64; member of New York state senate, 1966-70 (61st District 1966, 53rd District 1967-70); indicted in December 1969 on charges of lying to a grand jury when he testified that he returned a cash campaign contribution from a medical services company; tried in 1970 and found not guilty. Methodist. Member, Freemasons; American Legion; Sigma Nu; Knights of Pythias. Suffered a heart attack, and died a week later, in Albany Medical Center, Albany, Albany County, N.Y., April 14, 1983 (age 60 years, 110 days). Interment at Albany Rural Cemetery, Menands, N.Y.
  Relatives: Son of William Joshua Adams and Lucy Frances (Ramsey) Adams; married to Jacquela Devlin.
  Cross-reference: James T. McFarland
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial
  Jack Paul Faustin Gremillion (1914-2001) — also known as Jack P. F. Gremillion — of Baton Rouge, East Baton Rouge Parish, La. Born in Donaldsonville, Ascension Parish, La., June 15, 1914. Democrat. Lawyer; served in the U.S. Army during World War II; Louisiana state attorney general, 1956-72; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Louisiana, 1960. Catholic. Member, American Legion; Disabled American Veterans; Knights of Columbus; Order of Alhambra; Elks; Lions; American Bar Association. While opposing New Orleans school desegregation in federal court in 1960, walked out of the courtroom, calling the court a "den of iniquity"; convicted of contempt of court; sentence was suspended. Indicted in 1969 for fraud and conspiracy over his dealings with the bankrupt Louisiana Loan and Thrift Corp.; tried in 1971 and acquitted. Convicted later that year on federal perjury charges in a related case; sentenced to three years in prison; served 15 months. Pardoned in 1976 by Gov. Edwin Edwards. Died in Our Lady of the Lake Regional Medical Center, Baton Rouge, East Baton Rouge Parish, La., March 2, 2001 (age 86 years, 260 days). Interment at Greenoaks Memorial Park, Baton Rouge, La.
  Cornelius Edward Gallagher (1921-2018) — also known as Neil Gallagher — of Bayonne, Hudson County, N.J. Born in Bayonne, Hudson County, N.J., March 2, 1921. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during World War II; served in the U.S. Army during the Korean conflict; lawyer; U.S. Representative from New Jersey 13th District, 1959-73; delegate to Democratic National Convention from New Jersey, 1968. Member, American Bar Association; American Legion; Knights of Columbus; Elks. Accused, by Life magazine in 1968, of having made deals with New Jersey Mafia leader Joseph Zicarelli. Indicted in 1972 on federal charges of income tax evasion, conspiracy, and perjury. After losing the primary that year, he pleaded guilty to some of the charges, and was sentenced to two years in prison and a $10,000 fine. Died in Monroe Township, Middlesex County, N.J., October 17, 2018 (age 97 years, 229 days). Interment at Marksboro Presbyterian Church Cemetery, Blairstown, N.J.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Otto Kerner Jr. (1908-1976) — of Glenview, Cook County, Ill.; Chicago, Cook County, Ill. Born in Chicago, Cook County, Ill., August 15, 1908. Democrat. Lawyer; colonel in the U.S. Army during World War II; U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois, 1947-54; county judge in Illinois, 1954-60; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Illinois, 1960, 1964; Governor of Illinois, 1961-68; Judge of U.S. Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit, 1968-74; resigned 1974. Presbyterian. Member, American Bar Association; American Judicature Society; Freemasons; Shriners; Moose; Odd Fellows; Royal Arcanum; Military Order of the World Wars; Alpha Delta Phi; Phi Delta Phi. While serving as Governor, he and another official made a gain of over $300,000 in a stock deal which prosecutors later characterized as bribery. Convicted in 1973 on 17 counts of bribery, conspiracy, perjury, and related charges; sentenced to three years in federal prison and fined $50,000. Died of cancer, May 9, 1976 (age 67 years, 268 days). Interment at Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Va.
  Relatives: Son of Rose Barbara (Chmelik) Kerner and Otto Kerner; married, October 29, 1934, to Helena Irene Cermak (daughter of Anton Josef Cermak; sister-in-law of Richey V. Graham).
  Political family: Kerner-Cermak family of Chicago, Illinois.
  Cross-reference: Milton Rakove
  See also National Governors Association biography — NNDB dossier
  Maurice Hubert Stans (1908-1998) — also known as Maurice H. Stans — of Washington, D.C. Born in Shakopee, Scott County, Minn., March 22, 1908. Accountant; U.S. Secretary of Commerce, 1969-72. Catholic. Indicted in 1973, along with John N. Mitchell, for perjury and obstruction over a contribution from fugitive financier Robert Vesco to President Richard M. Nixon's re-election campaign; tried and acquitted; later pleaded guilty to five violations of campaign finance laws and paid a fine of $5,000. Suffered a heart attack, and died five days later, at Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena, Los Angeles County, Calif., April 14, 1998 (age 90 years, 23 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of J. Hubert Stans and Mathilda (Nyssen) Stans; married, September 7, 1933, to Kathleen Carmody.
  Cross-reference: Harry L. Sears
  See also NNDB dossier
  John Newton Mitchell (1913-1988) — also known as John N. Mitchell — of New York; Washington, D.C. Born in Detroit, Wayne County, Mich., September 15, 1913. Lawyer; served in the U.S. Navy during World War II; U.S. Attorney General, 1969-72. Member, American Bar Association. A central figure in the Watergate scandal. Indicted in 1973, along with Maurice Stans, for perjury and obstruction over a contribution from fugitive financier Robert Vesco to President Richard M. Nixon's re-election campaign; tried and acquitted. Convicted in February 1975 of conspiracy, obstruction of justice and perjury, over his role in the Watergate break-in, and sentenced to two and a half to eight years in prison; served 19 months. Suffered a heart attack, and died later the same day, at George Washington University Hospital, Washington, D.C., November 9, 1988 (age 75 years, 55 days). Interment at Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Va.
  Relatives: Son of Joseph Charles Mitchell and Margaret Agnes (McMahon) Mitchell; married to Martha Beall.
  Cross-reference: Maurice H. Stans — Harry L. Sears
  See also Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier
  Books about John Mitchell: James Rosen, The Strong Man: John Mitchell and the Secrets of Watergate
  George Bradford Cook (b. 1936) — also known as G. Bradford Cook — of Chicago, Cook County, Ill. Born in Lincoln, Lancaster County, Neb., 1936. Chair, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 1973; resigned under fire from the SEC, following disclosure that he had modified a commission complaint to delete references to a secret $200,000 campaign contribution to President Richard Nixon's re-election campaign from fugitive financier Robert Vesco; admitted that he testified falsely to a Senate committee and to a grand jury investigating the matter; his license to practice law in Illinois and Nebraska was suspended for three years. Still living as of 1975.
  Relatives: Son of George Brash Cook; married to Jo Anne Thatcher and Laura Armour.
Richard G. Kleindienst Richard Gordon Kleindienst (1923-2000) — also known as Richard G. Kleindienst — of Phoenix, Maricopa County, Ariz. Born in Winslow, Navajo County, Ariz., August 5, 1923. Republican. Served in the U.S. Army Air Force in World War II; lawyer; member of Arizona state house of representatives, 1953-54; Arizona Republican state chair, 1956-60, 1962-63; member of Republican National Committee from Arizona, 1956-60, 1962-63; delegate to Republican National Convention from Arizona, 1960, 1964; candidate for Governor of Arizona, 1964; U.S. Attorney General, 1972-73. Episcopalian. Member, American Bar Association; Elks; American Legion; Veterans of Foreign Wars. Pleaded guilty in 1974 to failing to testify fully in Senate investigation of favoritism toward ITT Corporation; the sentence was suspended. Tried and found not guilty of perjury in 1981, but his license to practice law was suspended for a year. Died, of lung cancer, in Prescott, Yavapai County, Ariz., February 3, 2000 (age 76 years, 182 days). Interment somewhere in Phoenix, Ariz.
  Relatives: Son of Alfred Kleindienst.
  See also Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — Internet Movie Database profile
  Books by Richard Kleindienst: Justice: The Memoirs of Attorney General Richard Kleindienst (1985)
  Image source: Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
  Nelson Gerard Gross (1932-1997) — also known as Nelson G. Gross — of Hackensack, Bergen County, N.J.; Saddle River, Bergen County, N.J. Born January 9, 1932. Republican. Lawyer; member of New Jersey state house of assembly from Bergen County, 1962-63; candidate for New Jersey state senate District 13, 1965; delegate to Republican National Convention from New Jersey, 1968; chair of Bergen County Republican Party, 1969; New Jersey Republican state chair, 1969; candidate for U.S. Senator from New Jersey, 1970; real estate developer; restaurant owner. Jewish. Indicted in May 1973 on charges of falsifying a $5,000 contribution to the 1969 campaign of Gov. William T. Cahill, conspiring to commit tax evasion by disguising the contribution as a business expense, and counseling a witness to commit perjury; convicted in March 1974, and sentenced to two years jail; served six months. Kidnapped in Edgewater, N.J., robbed of $20,000, taken to New York, and stabbed to death, in Manhattan, New York County, N.Y., September 17, 1997 (age 65 years, 251 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Albert Gross.
  Bertram L. Podell (1925-2005) — of Brooklyn, Kings County, N.Y.; Manhattan, New York County, N.Y. Born in New York, 1925. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Navy during World War II; lawyer; member of New York state assembly, 1955-67 (Kings County 21st District 1955-65, 53rd District 1966, 44th District 1967); U.S. Representative from New York 13th District, 1968-75; charged in 1974 with conspiracy, the solicitation and acceptance of bribes, criminal conflict of interest, and perjury; on the tenth day of his trial, he pleaded guilty to conspiracy and conflict of interest; sentenced to six months in prison; the prosecutor was Rudolph W. Giuliani. Jewish. Died, of kidney failure, at Lenox Hill Hospital, Manhattan, New York County, N.Y., August 17, 2005 (age about 80 years). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Married to Bernice Posen.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page
John B. Swainson John Burley Swainson (1925-1994) — also known as John B. Swainson — of Plymouth, Wayne County, Mich.; Detroit, Wayne County, Mich.; Manchester, Washtenaw County, Mich. Born in Windsor, Ontario, July 31, 1925. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during World War II; lawyer; member of Michigan state senate 18th District, 1955-58; Lieutenant Governor of Michigan, 1959-60; Governor of Michigan, 1961-62; defeated, 1962; member of Democratic National Committee from Michigan, 1963; circuit judge in Michigan 3rd Circuit, 1965-70; justice of Michigan state supreme court, 1971-75; resigned 1975. Member, American Legion; Veterans of Foreign Wars; Disabled American Veterans; Delta Theta Phi; Amvets; Purple Heart; Lions; Elks. Lost both legs in a land mine explosion on November 15, 1944, near Metz, Alsace-Lorraine, during World War II. Charged in 1975 with accepting a bribe; found not guilty, but convicted of perjury over his testimony to the grand jury. Died, of a heart attack, in Manchester, Washtenaw County, Mich., May 13, 1994 (age 68 years, 286 days). Interment at Oak Grove Cemetery, Manchester, Mich.
  Relatives: Son of John Adam Carl Swainson.
  Cross-reference: Zolton A. Ferency
  See also National Governors Association biography — NNDB dossier — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Books about John Swainson: Lawrence M. Glazer, Wounded Warrior: The Rise and Fall of Michigan Governor John Swainson
  Image source: Michigan Manual 1957-58
  Albert Howard Blumenthal (1928-1984) — also known as Albert H. Blumenthal — of Manhattan, New York County, N.Y.; Larchmont, Westchester County, N.Y. Born in Flatbush, Brooklyn, Kings County, N.Y., October 13, 1928. Liberal. Lawyer; member of New York state assembly, 1963-76 (New York County 5th District 1963-65, 73rd District 1966, 67th District 1967-72, 69th District 1973-76); candidate for mayor of New York City, N.Y., 1973. Jewish. Member, American Civil Liberties Union; American Jewish Congress; American Bar Association; Americans for Democratic Action. In December, 1975, he was indicted on perjury charges over his testimony about a 1971 meeting where he was alleged to intercede on behalf of a nursing home operator; later, bribery charges were added; in April, 1976, all the charges were ruled to be without factual basis, and dismissed. Died, presumably from cancer, in the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Manhattan, New York County, N.Y., July 8, 1984 (age 55 years, 269 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Bennet M. Blumenthal and Matilda Blumenthal; married, May 18, 1958, to Joel Marie Winik.
  John T. Gregorio (1928-2013) — also known as "The Lion of Linden" — of Linden, Union County, N.J. Born in Staten Island, Richmond County, N.Y., February 6, 1928. Democrat. Florist; mayor of Linden, N.J., 1968-83, 1991-2006; defeated, 2006; shot at in his car, in March 1968; two days later, his house was firebombed; member of New Jersey state house of assembly 21st District, 1974-77; indicted in April 1975 on perjury and fraud charges, over his purchase of a vacant lot from Elizabethtown Gas Company, while conspiring to falsify documents to conceal his involvement as buyer; later charged with extorting a $25,000 kickback from a building contractor on a high school project; following jury selection, the charges were dismissed in February 1976; member of New Jersey state senate, 1978-83 (21st District 1978-81, 20th District 1982-83); indicted in September 1981 on charges of income tax evasion, concealing his interest in two "go-go bars", and for failing to enforce state alcohol laws; convicted in December 1982 of conspiracy to commit official misconduct, but found not guilty on other charges. Died, from leukemia, in Trinitas Hospital, Elizabeth, Union County, N.J., October 23, 2013 (age 85 years, 259 days). Burial location unknown.
  See also Wikipedia article — OurCampaigns candidate detail
  Irving H. Saypol (1905-1977) — of Manhattan, New York County, N.Y. Born in Manhattan, New York County, N.Y., September 3, 1905. Lawyer; U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, 1949-51; prosecuted Ethel and Julius Rosenberg on espionage charges; Justice of New York Supreme Court 1st District, 1952-68. Jewish. Member, American Bar Association; Federal Bar Association; Knights of Pythias. Indicted in May 1976, along with Surrogate S. Samuel DiFalco, on bribery and perjury charges, in connection with an alleged scheme to obtain appraisal and auction commissions for Saypol's son; the charges were later dismissed. Died, of cancer, in Manhattan, New York County, N.Y., June 30, 1977 (age 71 years, 300 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Louis Saypol and Minnie (Michakin) Saypol; married, September 29, 1925, to Adele D. Kaplan.
  Richard McGarrah Helms (1913-2002) — also known as Richard Helms — of Washington, D.C. Born in St. Davids, Delaware County, Pa., March 30, 1913. Served in the U.S. Navy during World War II; Director, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 1966-73; U.S. Ambassador to Iran, 1973-77; pleaded guilty in 1977 to perjury charges, over his testimony to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Member, Chi Psi; Phi Beta Kappa. Died, of multiple myeloma, in Washington, D.C., October 22, 2002 (age 89 years, 206 days). Cremated; ashes interred at Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Va.
  Relatives: Married 1939 to Julia Bretzman Shields; married 1968 to Cynthia McKelvie.
  See also Wikipedia article — U.S. State Dept career summary — NNDB dossier — Internet Movie Database profile
  Frederick Waldron Phelps (1929-2014) — also known as Fred Phelps — of Topeka, Shawnee County, Kan. Born in Meridian, Lauderdale County, Miss., November 13, 1929. Democrat. Lawyer; disbarred by the state of Kansas in 1979 over harassment of a court reporter and perjury during the proceedings; in 1985, nine Federal judges filed a disciplinary complaint against him over alleged false accusations, which led to an agreement that he cease law practice in Federal court; pastor of the Westboro Baptist Church, which is widely reviled for its extreme hatred of homosexuals, and its tactics, such as picketing at military funerals; candidate for Governor of Kansas, 1990, 1994, 1998; candidate for U.S. Senator from Kansas, 1992; candidate for mayor of Topeka, Kan., 1993, 1997. Baptist. Died in Topeka, Shawnee County, Kan., March 19, 2014 (age 84 years, 126 days). Cremated.
  Relatives: Step-son of Olive (Briggs) Phelps; son of Frederick Wade Phelps and Catherine Idalette (Johnson) Phelps; married, May 15, 1952, to Margie Marie Simms.
  See also Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — Internet Movie Database profile — Find-A-Grave memorial — OurCampaigns candidate detail — Encyclopedia of American Loons
  William Ewing Duffield (1922-2001) — also known as William E. Duffield — of Pennsylvania. Born in Cherry Tree, Indiana County, Pa., January 7, 1922. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during World War II; served in the U.S. Army during the Korean conflict; lawyer; member of Pennsylvania state senate 32nd District, 1971-78. Presbyterian. Member, Veterans of Foreign Wars; American Legion; Freemasons; Elks. Disbarred in 1975 for mishandling cases and client funds; reinstated to the bar in 1978. Convicted in 1980 on 11 federal counts of mail fraud and one count of perjury; served six months in federal prison. Disbarred again in 1994 for mishandling a murder case. Died, of cancer and strokes, in Uniontown Hospital, Uniontown, Fayette County, Pa., January 14, 2001 (age 79 years, 7 days). Interment at Sylvan Heights Cemetery, Oliver, Pa.
  John Logan Cashin Jr. (1928-2011) — also known as John L. Cashin, Jr. — of Huntsville, Madison County, Ala.; Washington, D.C. Born in Huntsville, Madison County, Ala., April 16, 1928. Democrat. Dentist; candidate for mayor of Huntsville, Ala., 1964; National Democratic candidate for Governor of Alabama, 1970. African ancestry. Convicted of theft and perjury in 1982; served 17 months in federal prison. Died, of renal failure and pneumonia, in Specialty Hospital of Washington-Hadley, Washington, D.C., March 21, 2011 (age 82 years, 339 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Married 1958 to John Carpenter; married 1998 to Louise White; grandson of Herschel Cashin.
  See also Wikipedia article
  Paul Louis Douglas (b. 1927) — also known as Paul L. Douglas — of Lincoln, Lancaster County, Neb. Born in Sioux Falls, Minnehaha County, S.Dak., September 19, 1927. Lancaster County Attorney, 1960-74; Nebraska state attorney general, 1975-84. Eastern Orthodox. Impeached by the Legislature in 1984 over his conduct in office and dealings with an officer of a failed savings and loan; acquitted by the state supreme court. Convicted of perjury in December, 1984 and resigned as Attorney General, but the conviction was later overturned. Still living as of 1984.
  John J. Peluso (b. 1923) — also known as "Johnny TV" — of Newport, Campbell County, Ky. Born June 1, 1923. Mayor of Newport, Ky., 1964-68, 1976-80; defeated, 1971, 1983. Indicted in 1973 on charges of possession of stolen bonds; later dismissed. Convicted in 1983 of promoting gambling. Indicted in 1984 on federal charges of bribery and conspiracy; pleaded guilty to perjury in 1985; sentenced to ten years in prison; released in 1989. Presumed deceased. Burial location unknown.
  James E. Roark (b. 1945) — also known as Mike Roark; "Mad Dog" — of Charleston, Kanawha County, W.Va. Born in Nitro, Kanawha County, W.Va., 1945. Republican. Served in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Vietnam War; lawyer; mayor of Charleston, W.Va., 1983-87; resigned 1987. Indicted in August, 1987, on felony charges of possessing and distributing cocaine, and conspiring to obstruct the investigation by inducing a witness to commit perjury; pleaded guilty to misdemeanors in November, and resigned as mayor. Still living as of 1987.
  Evan Mecham (1924-2008) — of Ajo, Pima County, Ariz.; Glendale, Maricopa County, Ariz. Born in Duchesne, Duchesne County, Utah, May 12, 1924. Republican. Served in the U.S. Army Air Force in World War II; automobile dealer; newspaper publisher; candidate for Arizona state house of representatives, 1952; member of Arizona state senate, 1960-62; candidate for U.S. Senator from Arizona, 1962 (Republican), 1992 (Independent); Governor of Arizona, 1987-88; defeated, 1964, 1974, 1978, 1982. Mormon. Member, John Birch Society. Indicted in 1988 on six felony counts of perjury and filing a false campaign report, specifically of failing to report a $350,000 loan to his campaign by Barry Wolfson, a real estate developer; later acquitted of these charges. Impeached by the Arizona House of Representatives on February 5, 1988, on charges of obstructing justice and illegally lending state money to his business; convicted and removed from office by the Arizona Senate on April 4, 1988. A recall election was scheduled against him, but it was cancelled by the Arizona Supreme Court. Died, from complications of Alzheimer's disease, in Phoenix, Maricopa County, Ariz., February 22, 2008 (age 83 years, 286 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Married 1945 to Florence Lambert.
  See also National Governors Association biography — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier
  Henry Gabriel Cisneros (b. 1947) — also known as Henry G. Cisneros — of San Antonio, Bexar County, Tex. Born in San Antonio, Bexar County, Tex., June 11, 1947. Mayor of San Antonio, Tex., 1981-89; U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, 1993-97. Hispanic ancestry. In 1995, an independent counsel was appointed to investigate allegations that he had made false statements to the FBI about payments he made to his mistress; indicted in 1997 on 18 counts of conspiracy, making false statements, and obstruction of justice; pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor count of lying to the FBI, and was fined $10,000; pardoned in 2001 by President Bill Clinton. Still living as of 2014.
  Relatives: Son of George Cisneros and Elvira Cisneros; married 1969 to Mary Alice Perez.
  See also Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — Internet Movie Database profile
  Books by Henry Cisneros: Mayor : An Inside View of San Antonio Politics, 1981-1995 (1997)
  Books about Henry Cisneros: Elizabeth Coonrod Martinez, Henry Cisneros : Mexican-American Leader (for young readers)
  Jack Harvard (b. 1946) — of Plano, Collin County, Tex. Born October 23, 1946. Republican. Banker; mayor of Plano, Tex., 1982-90; candidate for Texas state senate 2nd District, 1992. Indicted in August 1995, along with David B. McCall, Jr. and others, on federal bank fraud charges relating to $25 million in loans; pleaded guilty in September 1996 to one count of providing false information on one loan; sentenced to three years in prison. Still living as of 1996.
  William Jefferson Clinton (b. 1946) — also known as Bill Clinton; William Jefferson Blythe IV; "Slick Willie"; "Bubba"; "Elvis"; "Eagle"; "The Big Dog" — of Arkansas; Chappaqua, Westchester County, N.Y. Born in Hope, Hempstead County, Ark., August 19, 1946. Democrat. Rhodes scholar; candidate for U.S. Representative from Arkansas 3rd District, 1974; Arkansas state attorney general, 1977-79; Governor of Arkansas, 1979-81, 1983-92; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Arkansas, 1996, 2000; speaker, 1984, 1988; President of the United States, 1993-2001; delegate to Democratic National Convention from New York, 2004, 2008. Baptist. Member, Trilateral Commission; Council on Foreign Relations; Phi Beta Kappa; Pi Sigma Alpha; Phi Alpha Delta; American Bar Association. On October 29, 1994, Francisco Duran fired 27 shots from the sidewalk at the White House in an apparent assassination attempt against President Clinton. Impeached by the House of Representatives in December 1998 over allegations of perjury and obstruction of justice in connection with his sexual contact with a White House intern, Monica Lewinsky, but acquitted by the Senate. Still living as of 2020.
  Relatives: Step-son of Roger Clinton; son of William Jefferson Blythe II and Virginia (Cassidy) Clinton; married, October 11, 1975, to Hillary Diane Rodham (sister of Hugh Edwin Rodham); father of Chelsea Clinton (daughter-in-law of Edward Maurice Mezvinsky and Marjorie Margolies-Mezvinsky); third cousin twice removed of James Alexander Lockhart.
  Political families: Clinton family of Wadesboro, North Carolina; Ashe-Polk family of North Carolina (subsets of the Four Thousand Related Politicians).
  Cross-reference: Abraham J. Hirschfeld — Kenneth W. Starr — Rahm Emanuel — Henry G. Cisneros — Maria Echaveste — Thurgood Marshall, Jr. — Walter S. Orlinsky — Charles F. C. Ruff — Sean Patrick Maloney — Lanny J. Davis
  The William Jefferson Clinton Federal Building (built 1934; renamed 2012) in Washington, D.C., is named for him.
  See also National Governors Association biography — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — Internet Movie Database profile — OurCampaigns candidate detail
  Books by Bill Clinton: Between Hope and History : Meeting America's Challenges for the 21st Century (1996) — My Life (2004)
  Books about Bill Clinton: David Maraniss, First in His Class : The Biography of Bill Clinton — Joe Conason, The Hunting of the President : The Ten-Year Campaign to Destroy Bill and Hillary Clinton — Gene Lyons, Fools for Scandal : How the Media Invented Whitewater — Sidney Blumenthal, The Clinton Wars — Dewayne Wickham, Bill Clinton and Black America — Joe Klein, The Natural : The Misunderstood Presidency of Bill Clinton — Nigel Hamilton, Bill Clinton: An American Journey — Bob Woodward, The Agenda: Inside the Clinton White House — George Stephanopolous, All Too Human — John F. Harris, The Survivor : Bill Clinton in the White House — Mark Katz, Clinton & Me: A Real Life Political Comedy — Michael Takiff, A Complicated Man: The Life of Bill Clinton as Told by Those Who Know Him — Tim O'Shei, Bill Clinton (for young readers)
  Critical books about Bill Clinton: Barbara Olson, The Final Days : The Last, Desperate Abuses of Power by the Clinton White House — Meredith L. Oakley, On the Make : The Rise of Bill Clinton — Robert Patterson, Dereliction of Duty: The Eyewitness Account of How Bill Clinton Endangered America's Long-Term National Security — Ambrose Evans-Pritchard, The Secret Life of Bill Clinton: The Unreported Stories — Ann Coulter, High Crimes and Misdemeanors: The Case Against Bill Clinton — Dick Morris & Eileen McGann, Because He Could — Jack Cashill, Ron Brown's Body : How One Man's Death Saved the Clinton Presidency and Hillary's Future — Christopher Hitchens, No One Left To Lie To: The Values of the Worst Family — Rich Lowry, Legacy: Paying the Price for the Clinton Years — Richard Miniter, Losing Bin Laden : How Bill Clinton's Failures Unleashed Global Terror
  Charles Tyrone Courtney (b. 1952) — also known as Ty Courtney — of Spartanburg, Spartanburg County, S.C. Born in Spartanburg, Spartanburg County, S.C., January 4, 1952. Lawyer; municipal judge in South Carolina, 1981-82; member of South Carolina state senate, 1991-2000. Member, Freemasons; Shriners; Jaycees; Lions. Tried and convicted in June 2000 on federal charges of bank fraud, mail fraud, and making false statements in a loan application. Still living as of 2000.
  Randal Tye Thomas (b. 1978) — also known as Tye Thomas; Skip Thomas — of Gun Barrel City, Henderson County, Tex.; The Colony, Denton County, Tex. Born in a hospital at Terrell, Kaufman County, Tex., August 23, 1978. Republican. Mayor, Gun Barrel City, Tex., 2000-2001, resigned 2001; candidate for Presidential Elector for Texas; youngest mayor in Texas; indicted for misdemeanor perjury, and arrested for public intoxication, 2001. Methodist. Still living as of 2003.
  William Shannon Lerach (b. 1946) — also known as William S. Lerach; Bill Lerach — of Rancho Santa Fe, San Diego County, Calif. Born in 1946. Democrat. Lawyer; delegate to Democratic National Convention from California, 1996. Plead guilty in 2007 to federal charges of conspiracy to commit obstruction of justice and making false declarations under oath in connection with a kickback scheme; sentenced to two years in prison, fined $250,000, and ordered to do 1,000 hours of community service. Still living as of 2010.
  See also Wikipedia article
  Kwame Malik Kilpatrick (b. 1970) — also known as Kwame M. Kilpatrick — of Detroit, Wayne County, Mich. Born in Detroit, Wayne County, Mich., June 8, 1970. Democrat. School teacher; lawyer; member of Michigan state house of representatives 9th District, 1997-2001; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Michigan, 2000, 2004, 2008; mayor of Detroit, Mich., 2002-08; resigned 2008; member of Democratic National Committee from Michigan, 2004-08; charged in 2008 with obstruction of justice, perjury, and misconduct in office, in connection with his denial under oath of an affair with his chief of staff, Christine Beatty, and misleading the city council over a payment of $8.4 million to settle a whistleblower lawsuit filed by two police officers, which included a secret deal to prevent evidence of the affair from being disclosed; later charged with assaulting two police officers who were serving a subpoena; pleaded guilty to two felony counts of obstruction of justice and no contest to one assault charge; he also agreed to four months in jail, payment of $1 million in restitution, to resign as mayor, and to give up his law license and pension. Baptist. African ancestry. Member, NAACP. Still living as of 2020.
  Relatives: Son of Bernard Kilpatrick and Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick.
  See also Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier
  Sheila Ann Dixon (b. 1953) — also known as Sheila Dixon; Sheila Dixon-Smith — of Baltimore, Md. Born in Baltimore, Md., December 27, 1953. Democrat. Delegate to Democratic National Convention from Maryland, 1988, 2004, 2008 (member, Credentials Committee); mayor of Baltimore, Md., 2007-10; resigned 2010. Female. African Methodist Episcopal. African ancestry. Indicted in January 2009, on perjury theft, and misconduct charges, over secretly accepting more than $20,000 worth of gifts from developers doing business with the city, and for using gift cards intended for needy families to buy furs and other expensive items for herself; the charges were dismissed in May, but she was reindicted in July; tried in fall 2009; convicted on one count of embezzlement, and acquitted on other charges; pleaded guilty to perjury, and resigned as mayor, as part of a plea agreement. Still living as of 2010.
  Relatives: Daughter of Philip Dixon, Sr. and Winona Dixon.
  See also Wikipedia article
  Phill Kline (b. 1959) — of Overland Park, Johnson County, Kan. Born in Kansas City, Wyandotte County, Kan., December 31, 1959. Republican. Lawyer; radio show host; candidate for U.S. Representative from Kansas, 1986 (2nd District), 2000 (3rd District); member of Kansas state house of representatives 18th District, 1993-2000; Kansas state attorney general, 2003-07; defeated, 2006; Johnson County District Attorney, 2007-08. Nazarene. In October, 2011, the Kansas Supreme Court indefinitely suspended his license to practice law, citing misconduct while investigating abortion clinics, including perjury and deliberately deceiving judges, state officials, a grand jury, and the investigating panel of the Board for Discipline of Attorneys. Still living as of 2014.
  See also Wikipedia article — OurCampaigns candidate detail
"Enjoy the hospitable entertainment of a political graveyard."
Henry L. Clinton, Apollo Hall, New York City, February 3, 1872
The Political Graveyard

The Political Graveyard is a web site about U.S. political history and cemeteries. Founded in 1996, it is the Internet's most comprehensive free source for American political biography, listing 320,919 politicians, living and dead.
 
  The coverage of this site includes (1) the President, Vice President, members of Congress, elected state and territorial officeholders in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories; and the chief elected official, typically the mayor, of qualifying municipalities; (2) candidates at election, including primaries, for any of the above; (3) all federal judges and all state appellate judges; (4) certain federal officials, including the federal cabinet, diplomatic chiefs of mission, consuls, U.S. district attorneys, collectors of customs and internal revenue, members of major federal commissions; and political appointee (pre-1969) postmasters of qualifying communities; (5) state and national political party officials, including delegates, alternate delegates, and other participants in national party nominating conventions; (6) Americans who served as "honorary" consuls for other nations before 1950. Note: municipalities or communities "qualify", for Political Graveyard purposes, if they have at least half a million person-years of history, inclusive of predecessor, successor, and merged entities.  
  The listings are incomplete; development of the database is a continually ongoing project.  
  Information on this page — and on all other pages of this site — is believed to be accurate, but is not guaranteed. Users are advised to check with other sources before relying on any information here.  
  The official URL for this page is: https://politicalgraveyard.com/trouble/perjury.html.  
  Links to this or any other Political Graveyard page are welcome, but specific page addresses may sometimes change as the site develops.  
  If you are searching for a specific named individual, try the alphabetical index of politicians.  
Copyright notices: (1) Facts are not subject to copyright; see Feist v. Rural Telephone. (2) Politician portraits displayed on this site are 70-pixel-wide monochrome thumbnail images, which I believe to constitute fair use under applicable copyright law. Where possible, each image is linked to its online source. However, requests from owners of copyrighted images to delete them from this site are honored. (3) Original material, programming, selection and arrangement are © 1996-2023 Lawrence Kestenbaum. (4) This work is also licensed for free non-commercial re-use, with attribution, under a Creative Commons License.
Site information: The Political Graveyard is created and maintained by Lawrence Kestenbaum, who is solely responsible for its structure and content. — The mailing address is The Political Graveyard, P.O. Box 2563, Ann Arbor MI 48106. — This site is hosted by HDL. — The Political Graveyard opened on July 1, 1996; the last full revision was done on March 8, 2023.

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