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The Political Graveyard: A Database of American History
Presbyterian Politicians in Florida

  George Albright (b. 1956) — of Ocala, Marion County, Fla. Born in Orlando, Orange County, Fla., January 20, 1956. Republican. Lawyer; member of Florida state house of representatives 24th District, 1989-. Presbyterian. Member, Kiwanis. Still living as of 1999.
  Maysel Louise Alford (d. 1957) — also known as Nell Alford; Maysel Louise Flournoy — of Jacksonville, Duval County, Fla. Born in Quincy, Gadsden County, Fla. Democrat. Owner and operator of millinery and greeting card business; member of Florida Democratic State Executive Committee, 1936; member of Democratic National Committee from Florida, 1944-50; alternate delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1956. Female. Presbyterian. Member, League of Women Voters; United Daughters of the Confederacy; American Legion Auxiliary. Died in Jacksonville, Duval County, Fla., 1957. Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Daughter of Benjamin Harvey Flournoy and Alice (Sheppard) Flournoy; married, January 31, 1927, to E. Neil Alford.
  Sarah Anderson Anderson (b. 1901) — also known as Sarah A. Anderson; Sarah Anderson — of Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pa. Born in Jacksonville, Duval County, Fla., January 23, 1901. Democrat. School teacher; member of Pennsylvania state house of representatives, 1954-66; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Pennsylvania, 1956 (alternate), 1960. Female. Presbyterian. Member, American Legion Auxiliary. Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Daughter of Dr. Henry A. Anderson and Maude (Smith) Anderson; married, December 1, 1922, to Dr. Adolphus W. Anderson, Sr.
  Charles Oscar Andrews (1877-1946) — also known as Charles O. Andrews — of Orlando, Orange County, Fla. Born in Ponce de Leon, Holmes County, Fla., March 7, 1877. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during the Spanish-American War; lawyer; judge of criminal court in Florida, 1910-11; circuit judge in Florida, 1919-25; member of Florida state house of representatives, 1925-27; U.S. Senator from Florida, 1936-46; died in office 1946. Presbyterian. Member, Pi Kappa Alpha; Freemasons; Knights of Pythias; Rotary. Died in Washington, D.C., September 18, 1946 (age 69 years, 195 days). Interment at Greenwood Cemetery, Orlando, Fla.
  Relatives: Son of John Andrews and Mary Angers (Yon) Andrews; married, November 24, 1909, to Margaret Spears.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article
  Walter Gresham Andrews (1889-1949) — also known as Walter G. Andrews — of Buffalo, Erie County, N.Y. Born in Evanston, Cook County, Ill., July 16, 1889. Republican. Athletic coach; major in the U.S. Army during World War I; sales manager; U.S. Representative from New York, 1931-49 (40th District 1931-45, 42nd District 1945-49). Presbyterian. Member, American Legion; Freemasons. Died, from a heart attack, in a hotel at Daytona Beach, Volusia County, Fla., March 5, 1949 (age 59 years, 232 days). Cremated; ashes interred at Old Fort Niagara Cemetery, Youngstown, N.Y.
  Relatives: Son of William Henry Andrews and Kate (Gresham) Andrews; grandson of Walter Quintin Gresham.
  Political family: Gresham-Andrews family of Harrison County, Indiana.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page
  Reubin O'Donovan Askew (b. 1928) — also known as Reubin Askew — of Florida. Born in Muskogee, Muskogee County, Okla., September 11, 1928. Democrat. Lawyer; member of Florida state house of representatives, 1958-62; member of Florida state senate, 1962; Governor of Florida, 1971-79; speaker, Democratic National Convention, 1972 ; candidate for Democratic nomination for President, 1984. Presbyterian. Member, Jaycees; American Legion. Still living as of 2014.
  Relatives: Son of Leon G. Askew and Alberta Askew; married 1956 to Donna Lou Harper.
  Cross-reference: Bill Nelson
  See also National Governors Association biography — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — Internet Movie Database profile
  Books about Reubin Askew: Martin A. Dyckman, Reubin O'D. Askew and the Golden Age of Florida Politics
  James Bacchus (b. 1949) — also known as Jim Bacchus — of Florida. Born in Nashville, Davidson County, Tenn., June 21, 1949. Democrat. Lawyer; U.S. Representative from Florida, 1991-95 (11th District 1991-93, 15th District 1993-95). Presbyterian. Still living as of 2014.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier
  Albert Edwin Beech (1904-1973) — also known as Albert E. Beech — of Wilkinsburg, Allegheny County, Pa.; Port Charlotte, Charlotte County, Fla. Born in Wilkinsburg, Allegheny County, Pa., August 15, 1904. Republican. Merchant; alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from Pennsylvania, 1940; member of Pennsylvania state house of representatives, 1940; candidate for Pennsylvania state senate 44th District, 1954. Presbyterian. Member, Freemasons; Eagles; Elks. Died in April, 1973 (age 68 years, 0 days). Burial location unknown.
  Joseph I. Brittain (1858-1930) — of East Palestine, Columbiana County, Ohio; St. Petersburg, Pinellas County, Fla. Born in New Brighton, Beaver County, Pa., 1858. Republican. Member of Ohio state house of representatives, 1892-95; U.S. Consul in Nantes, 1897-1902; Kehl, 1902-07; Prague, 1907-13; U.S. Consul General in Coburg, 1913-14; Auckland, 1914-15; Sydney, 1915-19; Winnipeg, 1919-24. Presbyterian. Member, Sons of the American Revolution. Died October 22, 1930 (age about 72 years). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Joseph Brittain and Belinda Brittain; married, August 2, 1894, to Martha Louise Clark.
  Shirley Brown (b. 1952) — of Sarasota, Sarasota County, Fla. Born in Oshkosh, Winnebago County, Wis., October 2, 1952. Democrat. Member of Florida state house of representatives 69th District, 1993-; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1996. Female. Presbyterian. Member, League of Women Voters; Junior League. Still living as of 1999.
William J. Bryan William Jennings Bryan (1860-1925) — also known as William J. Bryan; "The Great Commoner"; "The Peerless Leader"; "The Silver-Tongued Orator"; "The Boy Orator of the Platte"; "The Niagaric Nebraskan" — of Jacksonville, Morgan County, Ill.; Lincoln, Lancaster County, Neb.; Miami, Dade County (now Miami-Dade County), Fla. Born in Salem, Marion County, Ill., March 19, 1860. Democrat. Lawyer; newspaper editor; U.S. Representative from Nebraska 1st District, 1891-95; candidate for President of the United States, 1896, 1900, 1908; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Nebraska, 1904 (member, Platform and Resolutions Committee; speaker), 1912 (member, Platform and Resolutions Committee; speaker), 1920; U.S. Secretary of State, 1913-15; candidate for Democratic nomination for President, 1920; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1924 (member, Platform and Resolutions Committee). Presbyterian. Member, Freemasons; Sigma Pi; Knights of Pythias. Died in Dayton, Rhea County, Tenn., July 26, 1925 (age 65 years, 129 days). Interment at Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Va.; statue at Rhea County Courthouse Grounds, Dayton, Tenn.
  Relatives: Son of Silas Lillard Bryan and Mariah Elizabeth (Jennings) Bryan; brother of Charles Wayland Bryan and Mary Elizabeth Bryan (who married Thomas Stinson Allen); married, October 1, 1884, to Mary Elizabeth Baird; father of Ruth Bryan Owen; grandfather of Helen Rudd Brown; cousin *** of William Sherman Jennings.
  Political family: Bryan-Jennings family of Illinois.
  Cross-reference: Clarence S. Darrow — Willis J. Abbot
  Bryan County, Okla. is named for him.
  Other politicians named for him: William J. Bryan JarvisW. J. Bryan Dorn
  Campaign slogan (1896): "Sixteen to one."
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — Internet Movie Database profile — Find-A-Grave memorial — OurCampaigns candidate detail
  Books about William Jennings Bryan: Robert W. Cherny, A Righteous Cause : The Life of William Jennings Bryan — Paolo E. Coletta, William Jennings Bryan, Vol. 1: Political Evangelist, 1860-1908 — Paolo E. Coletta, William Jennings Bryan, Vol. 2: Progressive Politician and Moral Statesman, 1909-1915 — Paolo E. Coletta, William Jennings Bryan, Vol. 3: Political Puritan, 1915-1925 — Michael Kazin, A Godly Hero: The Life of William Jennings Bryan — Scott Farris, Almost President: The Men Who Lost the Race but Changed the Nation — Gerard N. Magliocca, The Tragedy of William Jennings Bryan: Constitutional Law and the Politics of Backlash
  Image source: Munsey's Magazine, October 1903
  John Levi Cable (1884-1971) — also known as John L. Cable — of Lima, Allen County, Ohio. Born in Lima, Allen County, Ohio, April 15, 1884. Republican. Lawyer; director and counsel, Lima Telephone and Telegraph Co., Napoleon Telephone Co., Lima Toledo Railroad, Lima City Street Railway Co.; Allen County Prosecuting Attorney; U.S. Representative from Ohio 4th District, 1921-25, 1929-33; defeated, 1912; candidate for Governor of Ohio, 1924; candidate for Presidential Elector for Ohio. Episcopalian or Presbyterian. Member, American Bar Association; Freemasons; Elks; Moose; Grange; Junior Order; Kiwanis. Died in Lima, Allen County, Ohio, September 15, 1971 (age 87 years, 153 days). Entombed at St. Boniface Episcopal Church, Sarasota, Fla.
  Relatives: Son of Davis J. Cable and Mary (Harnley) Cable; married to Rhea Watson; great-grandson of Joseph Cable.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page
  Charles Terrance Canady (b. 1954) — also known as Charles T. Canady — of Lakeland, Polk County, Fla. Born in Lakeland, Polk County, Fla., June 22, 1954. Republican. Lawyer; member of Florida state house of representatives, 1985-90; candidate for Florida state senate, 1990; U.S. Representative from Florida 12th District, 1993-2001. Presbyterian. Still living as of 2014.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — NNDB dossier
  Lawton Mainor Chiles Jr. (1930-1998) — also known as Lawton Chiles; "Walkin' Lawton" — of Lakeland, Polk County, Fla. Born in Lakeland, Polk County, Fla., April 3, 1930. Democrat. Member of Florida state house of representatives, 1959-67; member of Florida state senate, 1967-71; U.S. Senator from Florida, 1971-89; Governor of Florida, 1991-98; died in office 1998; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1996 (delegation chair). Presbyterian. Member, Alpha Tau Omega. Died, of a heart condition, in the Governor's Mansion, Tallahassee, Leon County, Fla., December 12, 1998 (age 68 years, 253 days). Original interment and cenotaph at Roselawn Cemetery, Tallahassee, Fla.; reinterment at a private or family graveyard, Leon County, Fla.
  Relatives: Uncle of Kay Hagan.
  Lawton Chiles Middle School, in Miami, Florida, is named for him.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — National Governors Association biography — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — OurCampaigns candidate detail
  James W. Conger (1845-1921) — of Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Born in Washington County, Pa., August 6, 1845. Served in the Union Army during the Civil War; roofing business; candidate for Presidential Elector for Ohio; delegate to Republican National Convention from Ohio, 1912; candidate for Presidential Elector for Ohio. Presbyterian. Member, Grand Army of the Republic; Freemasons. Died in St. Petersburg, Pinellas County, Fla., February 22, 1921 (age 75 years, 200 days). Interment at Lake View Cemetery, Cleveland, Ohio.
  Relatives: Son of William Henry Harrison Conger and Martha (Auld) Conger; married, February 15, 1869, to Anna M. Higgins; married, November 18, 1914, to Maude A. Miller; third cousin twice removed of Hugh Conger; fourth cousin once removed of James Lockwood Conger, Anson Griffith Conger, Harmon Sweatland Conger, Omar Dwight Conger, Moore Conger, Chauncey Stewart Conger, Frederick Ward Conger, Charles Franklin Conger, Isaac Young Conger and Abraham Benjamin Conger.
  Political families: Conger family of New York; Conger-Hungerford family of Connecticut and New York (subsets of the Four Thousand Related Politicians).
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial
  Victor D. Crist (b. 1957) — of Florida. Born in New Orleans, Orleans Parish, La., June 21, 1957. Republican. Member of Florida state house of representatives 60th District, 1993-. Presbyterian. Member, Sigma Chi; Freemasons; Shriners. Still living as of 1999.
  Relatives: Descendant *** of Zachary Taylor.
  Political families: Kellogg-Adams-Seymour-Chapin family of Connecticut and New York; Walker-Meriwether-Kellogg family of Virginia; Lee-Randolph family; Taylor-Brodhead family of Easton, Pennsylvania; Jackson-Lee family; Tyler family of Virginia; Lincoln-Lee family; Walker-Helm-Lincoln-Brown family of Kentucky; Pendleton-Lee family of Maryland; Harrison-Randolph-Marshall-Cabell family of Virginia (subsets of the Four Thousand Related Politicians).
  Nathaniel Penistone Davis (1895-1973) — also known as Nathaniel P. Davis — of Princeton, Mercer County, N.J. Born in Princeton, Mercer County, N.J., May 1, 1895. Served in the U.S. Army during World War I; Foreign Service officer; U.S. Vice Consul in Berlin, 1921-23; U.S. Consul in Berlin, 1923-25; Pernambuco, 1925-29; London, 1929-34; prisoner of Japanese Army in Manila, 1942-43; U.S. Ambassador to Costa Rica, 1947-49; U.S. Minister to Hungary, 1949-51; in 1951, he negotiated with the government of Hungary for the release of Robert A. Vogeler, an American executive who had been arrested in Budapest and convicted of espionage. Presbyterian. Died in Winter Park, Orange County, Fla., September 12, 1973 (age 78 years, 134 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of John D. Davis and Marguerite (Scobie) Davis; married, June 17, 1919, to Sarah Louise Collins.
  See also Wikipedia article — U.S. State Dept career summary
  Marion Lindsay Dawson — of Richmond, Va.; Suffolk County, N.Y.; Brooksville, Hernando County, Fla. Born in Scottsville, Albemarle County, Va. Lawyer; member of Florida state house of representatives, 1915-19; campaign manager for Gov. Cary A. Hardee. Presbyterian. Member, Freemasons; Knights of Pythias; Elks; Redmen. Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Married 1903 to Alice Taylor.
  Thomas Cleland Dawson (1865-1912) — also known as Thomas C. Dawson — of Enterprise, Volusia County, Fla.; Des Moines, Polk County, Iowa; Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie County, Iowa. Born in Hudson, St. Croix County, Wis., July 30, 1865. Newspaper publisher; lawyer; U.S. Minister to Santo Domingo, 1904-07; Colombia, 1907-09; Chile, 1909; Panama, 1910; U.S. Consul General in Santo Domingo, 1904-07. Presbyterian. Died in Washington, D.C., May 1, 1912 (age 46 years, 276 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Allan Dawson and Anna (Cleland) Dawson; married 1900 to Luiza Guerra Duval; father of Allan Dawson (1903-1949).
  See also U.S. State Dept career summary
  Thomas C. Tom Feeney III (b. 1958) — also known as Tom Feeney — of Oviedo, Seminole County, Fla. Born in Abington, Montgomery County, Pa., May 21, 1958. Republican. Lawyer; member of Florida state house of representatives 33rd District, 1990-94, 1996-2002; candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Florida, 1994; candidate for Presidential Elector for Florida; U.S. Representative from Florida 24th District, 2003-. Presbyterian. Still living as of 2014.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — NNDB dossier
  Hubert Frederick Fisher (1877-1941) — also known as Hubert Fisher — of Memphis, Shelby County, Tenn. Born in Milton, Santa Rosa County, Fla., October 6, 1877. Democrat. Lawyer; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Tennessee, 1912; member of Tennessee state senate, 1913-14; U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Tennessee, 1914-17; U.S. Representative from Tennessee 10th District, 1917-31. Presbyterian. Member, Sigma Chi. Died in New York City (unknown county), N.Y., June 16, 1941 (age 63 years, 253 days). Interment at Old Gray Cemetery, Knoxville, Tenn.
  Relatives: Son of Frederick Fisher and Mary Anna (McCarter) Fisher; married, November 6, 1909, to Louise Sanford (sister of Edward Terry Sanford).
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article
  Curtiss E. Frank (1904-1990) — of Yonkers, Westchester County, N.Y.; Greenwich, Fairfield County, Conn. Born in New York City (unknown county), N.Y., November 13, 1904. Republican. Lawyer; mayor of Yonkers, N.Y., 1944-49; resigned 1949; publishing executive. Presbyterian. Member, Union League. Died, from Alzheimer's disease, in Naples, Collier County, Fla., February 3, 1990 (age 85 years, 82 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Augustus A. Frank and Mary (Fowler) Frank; married, October 11, 1929, to Grace Watkins; married, December 13, 1958, to Lila Bonhus Shaw.
  Don Fuqua (b. 1933) — of Altha, Calhoun County, Fla. Born in Jacksonville, Duval County, Fla., August 20, 1933. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during the Korean conflict; member of Florida state house of representatives, 1959-62; U.S. Representative from Florida, 1963-87 (9th District 1963-67, 2nd District 1967-87); delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1968. Presbyterian. Member, American Legion; Freemasons; Shriners; Elks; Jaycees; Woodmen; Alpha Gamma Rho; Gamma Sigma Delta; Farm Bureau; Rotary. Still living as of 2014.
  Relatives: Son of J. D. Fuqua and Lucille (Langford) Fuqua; married, December 20, 1955, to Doris Akidakis.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — NNDB dossier
  Sam Melville Gibbons (1920-2012) — also known as Sam M. Gibbons — of Tampa, Hillsborough County, Fla. Born in Tampa, Hillsborough County, Fla., January 20, 1920. Democrat. Major in the U.S. Army during World War II; lawyer; member of Florida state house of representatives, 1953-58; member of Florida state senate, 1959-62; U.S. Representative from Florida, 1963-97 (10th District 1963-67, 6th District 1967-73, 7th District 1973-93, 11th District 1993-97); delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1964, 1968, 1984, 1996. Presbyterian. Died in Tampa, Hillsborough County, Fla., October 9, 2012 (age 92 years, 263 days). Interment at Myrtle Hill Memorial Park, Tampa, Fla.
  Relatives: Married to Martha Hanley.
  The Sam M. Gibbons U.S. Courthouse, in Tampa, Florida, is named for him.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs (1821-1874) — also known as Jonathan C. Gibbs — of Tallahassee, Leon County, Fla. Born in Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pa., September 28, 1821. Minister; delegate to Florida state constitutional convention, 1868; secretary of state of Florida, 1868-73; Florida superintendent of public instruction, 1873-74. Presbyterian. African ancestry. Died in Tallahassee, Leon County, Fla., August 14, 1874 (age 52 years, 320 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Rev. Jonathan Gibbs and Maria (Jackson) Gibbs; brother of Mifflin Wistar Gibbs.
  Gibbs High School (opened 1927), in St. Petersburg, Florida, is named for him.
  See also Wikipedia article
  Porter J. Goss (b. 1938) — of Sanibel, Lee County, Fla. Born in Waterbury, New Haven County, Conn., November 26, 1938. Republican. U.S. Representative from Florida, 1989-2004 (13th District 1989-93, 14th District 1993-2004); resigned 2004; Director of Central Intelligence, 2004-06. Presbyterian. Still living as of 2014.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — NNDB dossier
  Cecil Donald Hardesty (1907-2000) — also known as Cecil D. Hardesty — of San Diego, San Diego County, Calif.; Jacksonville, Duval County, Fla. Born near Kensington, Smith County, Kan., August 24, 1907. Served in the U.S. Navy during World War II; superintendent of schools; candidate for California superintendent of public instruction, 1962. Presbyterian. Died in a hospital at Jacksonville, Duval County, Fla., June 21, 2000 (age 92 years, 302 days). Interment at Oaklawn Cemetery, Jacksonville, Fla.
  Katherine Harris (b. 1957) — of Sarasota, Sarasota County, Fla. Born in Key West, Monroe County, Fla., April 5, 1957. Republican. Real estate broker; member of Florida state senate, 1994-98; secretary of state of Florida, 1999-2002; U.S. Representative from Florida 13th District, 2003-07; candidate for U.S. Senator from Florida, 2006. Female. Presbyterian. Still living as of 2017.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — Encyclopedia of American Loons
  Chris Hart IV (b. 1968) — of Florida. Born in Fort Benning, Chattahoochee County, Ga., August 11, 1968. Republican. Member of Florida state house of representatives 57th District, 1999-. Presbyterian. Still living as of 1999.
  Edward Louis Howard (b. 1926) — also known as Edward L. Howard — of Doylestown, Bucks County, Pa. Born in Jacksonville, Duval County, Fla., November 25, 1926. Republican. Board chairman, Neshaminy Valley Bank; member of Pennsylvania state senate 10th District, 1971-86. Presbyterian. Still living as of 1986.
  Relatives: Son of C. Edward Howard and Marjorie (Johnston) Howard; married, March 16, 1949, to Barbara Blackmarr.
  Lawrence E. Imhoff (1895-1988) — of St. Clairsville, Belmont County, Ohio. Born in Round Bottom, Monroe County, Ohio, December 28, 1895. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Marine Corps during World War I; lawyer; probate judge in Ohio, 1925-33; U.S. Representative from Ohio 18th District, 1933-39, 1941-43; served in the U.S. Navy during World War II. Presbyterian. Member, Freemasons; Knights of Pythias; Eagles; Elks. Died in North Fort Myers, Lee County, Fla., April 18, 1988 (age 92 years, 112 days). Entombed in mausoleum at Fort Myers Memorial Gardens, Fort Myers, Fla.
  Relatives: Son of Eugene A. Imhoff and Laura (Clegg) Imhoff; married, September 1, 1923, to Martha Elizabeth Korn.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Find-A-Grave memorial
Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson (1767-1845) — also known as "Old Hickory"; "The Farmer of Tennessee"; "King Andrew the First" — of Nashville, Davidson County, Tenn. Born, in a log cabin, in The Waxhaws, Lancaster County, S.C., March 15, 1767. Democrat. Lawyer; U.S. Attorney for Tennessee, 1790-97; U.S. Representative from Tennessee at-large, 1796-97; U.S. Senator from Tennessee, 1797-98, 1823-25; justice of Tennessee state supreme court, 1798; general in the U.S. Army during the War of 1812; Governor of Florida Territory, 1821; President of the United States, 1829-37; censured by the U.S. Senate in 1834 over his removal of federal deposits from the Bank of the United States; on January 30, 1835, while attending funeral services at the Capitol Building for Rep. Warren R. Davis of South Carolina, he was shot at with two guns -- which both misfired -- by Richard Lawrence, a house painter (later found not guilty by reason of insanity). Presbyterian. Scotch-Irish ancestry. Member, Freemasons. Killed Charles Dickinson in a pistol duel, May 30, 1806; also dueled with Thomas Hart Benton and Waightstill Avery. Elected in 1910 to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans. Slaveowner. Died, of dropsy (congestive heart failure), in Nashville, Davidson County, Tenn., June 8, 1845 (age 78 years, 85 days). Interment at The Hermitage, Nashville, Tenn.; statue erected 1853 at Lafayette Park, Washington, D.C.; statue erected 1856 at Jackson Square, New Orleans, La.
  Relatives: Son of Andrew Jackson (1730-1767) and Elizabeth (Hutchinson) Jackson; married, January 17, 1794, to Rachel (Donelson) Robards (aunt of Andrew Jackson Donelson).
  Political families: Harrison-Randolph-Marshall-Cabell family of Virginia; Caffery family of Louisiana (subsets of the Four Thousand Related Politicians).
  Cross-reference: Francis P. Blair
  Jackson counties in Ala., Ark., Colo., Fla., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kan., Ky., La., Mich., Miss., Mo., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Ore., Tenn., Tex., W.Va. and Wis., and Hickory County, Mo., are named for him.
  Other politicians named for him: Andrew J. DonelsonAndrew Jackson MillerAndrew J. FaulkAndrew Jackson TitusAndrew Jackson IsacksAndrew Jackson HamiltonAndrew J. HarlanAndrew J. KuykendallAndrew J. ThayerElam A. J. GreeleyAndrew Jackson IngleAndrew J. OgleAndrew Jackson CarrAndrew J. WatermanAndrew J. BentleyAndrew J. RogersWilliam A. J. SparksAndrew Jackson PoppletonAndrew J. HunterAndrew Jackson BryantAndrew J. BealeA. J. ClementsAndrew Jackson BakerAndrew J. FeltA. J. KingAndrew J. SawyerAndrew Jackson GreenfieldAndrew Jackson CaldwellAndrew Jackson GahaganAndrew Jackson BishipAndrew Jackson HoustonAndrew Jackson SpeerAndrew J. CobbAndrew J. MontagueAndrew J. BarchfeldAndrew J. BallietAndrew J. KirkAndrew J. LivingstonA. J. SherwoodAndrew Jackson StewartAndrew J. MayAndrew J. McConnicoAndrew J. SawyerAndrew J. BrewerAndrew J. Dunning, Jr.Andrew BettwyAndrew J. TransueAndrew Jackson GravesAndrew Jackson GilbertAndrew J. GoodwinAndrew J. HinshawAndy YoungAndrew Jackson Kupper
  Coins and currency: His portrait appears on the U.S. $20 bill; from the 1860s until 1927, his portrait appeared on on U.S. notes and certificates of various denominations from $5 to $10,000. In 1861, his portrait appeared on Confederate States $1,000 notes.
  Campaign slogan: "Let the people rule."
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — U.S. State Dept career summary — NNDB dossier — Find-A-Grave memorial — OurCampaigns candidate detail — Tennessee Encyclopedia
  Books about Andrew Jackson: Robert Vincent Remini, The Life of Andrew Jackson — Robert Vincent Remini, Andrew Jackson : The Course of American Freedom, 1822-1832 — Robert Vincent Remini, Andrew Jackson : The Course of American Democracy, 1833-1845 — Robert Vincent Remini, Andrew Jackson : The Course of American Empire, 1767-1821 — Andrew Burstein, The Passions of Andrew Jackson — David S. Heidler & Jeanne T. Heidler, Old Hickory's War: Andrew Jackson and the Quest for Empire — Donald B. Cole, The Presidency of Andrew Jackson — H. W. Brands, Andrew Jackson : His Life and Times — Jon Meacham, American Lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House — Donald Barr Chidsey, Andrew Jackson, Hero
  Image source: Portrait & Biographical Album of Washtenaw County (1891)
  Edward John Jirovec (1918-1993) — also known as Edward J. Jirovec; "Mr. J" — of Miramar, Broward County, Fla.; Hollywood, Broward County, Fla. Born in Wausau, Marathon County, Wis., April 7, 1918. Served in the U.S. Navy during World War II; insurance broker; candidate for mayor of Miramar, Fla., 1971, 1975, 1979, 1983. Presbyterian. Bohemian ancestry. Member, Moose; Elks; Kiwanis; Toastmasters. Died in Hollywood, Broward County, Fla., July 8, 1993 (age 75 years, 92 days). Interment at Fred Hunter Hollywood Memorial Gardens, Hollywood, Fla.
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial — OurCampaigns candidate detail
  Harry Allison Johnston II (b. 1931) — also known as Harry Johnston — of Florida. Born in West Palm Beach, Palm Beach County, Fla., December 2, 1931. Democrat. Lawyer; member of Florida state senate 26th District, 1975-86; candidate for Governor of Florida, 1986; U.S. Representative from Florida, 1989-97 (14th District 1989-93, 19th District 1993-97); delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1996. Presbyterian. Still living as of 1998.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page
Melvin R. Laird Melvin Robert Laird Jr. (1922-2016) — also known as Melvin R. Laird — of Marshfield, Wood County, Wis. Born in Omaha, Douglas County, Neb., September 1, 1922. Republican. Served in the U.S. Navy during World War II; member of Wisconsin state senate 24th District, 1947-52; delegate to Republican National Convention from Wisconsin, 1948 (alternate), 1952 (member, Resolutions Committee), 1956 (speaker), 1960, 1964; U.S. Representative from Wisconsin 7th District, 1953-69; U.S. Secretary of Defense, 1969-73. Presbyterian. Member, American Legion; Forty and Eight; Veterans of Foreign Wars; Disabled American Veterans; Freemasons; Elks; United Commercial Travelers; Purple Heart. Received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1974. Died in Fort Myers, Lee County, Fla., November 16, 2016 (age 94 years, 76 days). Interment at Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Va.
  Relatives: Son of Melvin Robert Laird Sr. and Helen Connor Laird; married, October 15, 1945, to Barbara Masters; uncle of Jessica Laird (who married James Edward Doyle); grandson of William Duncan Connor.
  Political family: Laird-Doyle family of Marshfield, Wisconsin.
  Epitaph: "Purple Heart. Father. Friend. Statesman."
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — NNDB dossier — Internet Movie Database profile — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Books about Melvin Laird: Dale Van Atta, With Honor: Melvin Laird in War, Peace, and Politics
  Image source: Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
  John Horting Land (1920-2014) — also known as John H. Land — of Apopka, Orange County, Fla. Born in Plant City, Hillsborough County, Fla., November 5, 1920. Served in the U.S. Army during World War II; mayor of Apopka, Fla., 1950-67, 1971-2014; defeated, 2014. Presbyterian. Member, Rotary; Sertoma; Toastmasters; Freemasons; American Legion; Veterans of Foreign Wars; Lambda Chi Alpha. Longest serving mayor in Florida. Died in Orlando, Orange County, Fla., November 22, 2014 (age 94 years, 17 days). Interment at Edgewood-Greenwood Cemetery, Apopka, Fla.
  Relatives: Son of Bennett Land and Josephine Horting 'Jo' (Schneider) Land.
  See also Wikipedia article — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Cary Dayton Landis (1873-1938) — also known as Cary D. Landis — of DeLand, Volusia County, Fla. Born in Claypool, Kosciusko County, Ind., May 10, 1873. Democrat. School principal; superintendent of schools; lawyer; law professor; Florida state attorney general, 1931-36; appointed 1931. Presbyterian. Member, Freemasons; Shriners; Elks; Kiwanis. Died May 10, 1938 (age 65 years, 0 days). Interment at Ball Hill Cemetery, Cutler, Ind.
  Relatives: Son of David L. Landis and Elizabeth (Ulrey) Landis; married, September 4, 1895, to Margaret Weaver; fourth cousin once removed of Walter Kumler Landis, Charles Beary Landis, Kenesaw Mountain Landis and Frederick Daniel Landis.
  Political family: Landis family of Logansport, Indiana.
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial
  Laurence William Lane Jr. (1919-2010) — also known as Laurence W. Lane, Jr. — of Portola Valley, San Mateo County, Calif.; Florida. Born in Des Moines, Polk County, Iowa, November 7, 1919. Republican. Magazine publisher; U.S. Ambassador to Australia, 1985-89; Nauru, 1985-89. Presbyterian. Member, Alpha Delta Sigma. Died July 31, 2010 (age 90 years, 266 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Laurence William Lane and Ruth (Bell) Lane; married, April 16, 1955, to Donna Jean Gimbel.
  See also U.S. State Dept career summary — NNDB dossier
Howard B. Lee Howard Burton Lee (1879-1985) — also known as Howard B. Lee — of Putnam County, W.Va.; Bluefield, Mercer County, W.Va.; Charleston, Kanawha County, W.Va. Born in Sanoma, Wirt County, W.Va., October 27, 1879. Republican. School teacher; lawyer; member of West Virginia state house of delegates from Putnam County, 1909-10; Mercer County Prosecuting Attorney, 1912-24; West Virginia state attorney general, 1925-33. Presbyterian. Member, Freemasons. Died in the Hobe Sound Geriatric Village nursing home, Stuart, Martin County, Fla., May 24, 1985 (age 105 years, 209 days). Interment at Fairview Church Cemetery, Centerville, W.Va.
  Relatives: Son of Stephen Sullivan Lee and Virginia (Quick) Lee; married, March 5, 1907, to Ida Lenore Hamilton.
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial
  Image source: West Virginia Blue Book 1929
  Clark MacGregor (1922-2003) — of Plymouth, Hennepin County, Minn.; Washington, D.C. Born in Minneapolis, Hennepin County, Minn., July 12, 1922. Republican. Major in the U.S. Army during World War II; lawyer; U.S. Representative from Minnesota 3rd District, 1961-71; delegate to Republican National Convention from Minnesota, 1964, 1968; candidate for U.S. Senator from Minnesota, 1970. Presbyterian. Member, American Legion; Veterans of Foreign Wars. Chairman of President Richard M. Nixon's re-election campaign, July to November 1972. Died, of respiratory failure, in a hospital at Pompano Beach, Broward County, Fla., February 10, 2003 (age 80 years, 213 days). Interment at Forest Hill Cemetery, Duluth, Minn.
  Relatives: Son of William Edwin MacGregor and Edith (Clark) MacGregor; married, June 16, 1948, to Barbara Porter Spicer.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Donald Ray Matthews (1907-1997) — also known as Donald R. Matthews; Billy Matthews — of Gainesville, Alachua County, Fla. Born in Micanopy, Alachua County, Fla., October 3, 1907. Democrat. School teacher and principal; member of Florida state house of representatives, 1935; served in the U.S. Army during World War II; alternate delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1952; U.S. Representative from Florida 8th District, 1953-67. Presbyterian. Member, American Legion; Lions; Kiwanis; Knights of Pythias; Elks; Moose; Pi Gamma Mu; Tau Kappa Alpha; Sigma Phi Epsilon. Died in Gainesville, Alachua County, Fla., October 26, 1997 (age 90 years, 23 days). Interment at Hawthorne Cemetery, Hawthorne, Fla.
  Relatives: Son of D. H. Matthews and Flora A. Matthews; married 1941 to Sara Lewis.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page
  Clarence William Nelson (b. 1942) — also known as Bill Nelson — of Melbourne, Brevard County, Fla. Born in Miami, Dade County (now Miami-Dade County), Fla., September 29, 1942. Democrat. Lawyer; legislative assistant to Gov. Reubin Askew, 1971; member of Florida state house of representatives, 1973-78; U.S. Representative from Florida, 1979-91 (9th District 1979-83, 11th District 1983-91); candidate for Governor of Florida, 1990; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1996, 2004, 2008; U.S. Senator from Florida, 2001-. Presbyterian. Flew on the space shuttle Columbia in January 1986. Still living as of 2014.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier
  Charles McKenzie Oerting (1843-1933) — of Pensacola, Escambia County, Fla. Born in Denmark, September 16, 1843. Ship chandler; Vice-Consul for Denmark in Pensacola, Fla., 1895-1907. Presbyterian. Danish ancestry. Member, Freemasons; Royal Arch Masons; Royal and Select Masters; Knights Templar. Died in Pensacola, Escambia County, Fla., December 16, 1933 (age 90 years, 91 days). Interment at St. John's Cemetery, Pensacola, Fla.
  Relatives: Son of Peter Julius Oerting and Aurelia (McKenzie) Oerting; brother of William S. McKenzie Oerting; nephew of William McKenzie Oerting.
  Political family: Oerting family of Pensacola, Florida.
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial
  Pat Patterson (b. 1948) — of Volusia County, Fla. Born in West Palm Beach, Palm Beach County, Fla., October 12, 1948. Republican. Member of Florida state house of representatives 26th District, 1999-. Presbyterian. Member, Rotary; American Legion; Elks. Still living as of 1999.
  Arthur William Prehn (1884-1951) — also known as Arthur W. Prehn; A. W. Prehn — of Wausau, Marathon County, Wis. Born in Marathon City, Marathon County, Wis., December 1, 1884. Republican. Lawyer; delegate to Republican National Convention from Wisconsin, 1912, 1936, 1944; Marathon County District Attorney, 1922-25; member of Wisconsin Republican State Central Committee, 1936. Presbyterian. German ancestry. Member, Freemasons; Shriners; Rotary; Elks; Odd Fellows; Moose; Eagles. Died, of heart failure, in Indian Rocks Beach, Pinellas County, Fla., March 24, 1951 (age 66 years, 113 days). Interment at Restlawn Memorial Park, Wausau, Wis.
  Relatives: Son of Fred Prehn.
  George Arthur Rathbun (1884-1958) — of Tecumseh, Lenawee County, Mich.; Adrian, Lenawee County, Mich.; Pompano Beach, Broward County, Fla. Born in Dundee, Monroe County, Mich., May 30, 1884. Republican. Lawyer; circuit judge in Michigan 39th Circuit, 1930-53; resigned 1953. Presbyterian. Member, Phi Gamma Delta; Rotary; Freemasons; Elks; Eagles. Died February 16, 1958 (age 73 years, 262 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of George H. Rathbun and Sarah A. (Prindle) Rathbun; married 1908 to Leila M. Geddes.
  Bruce Armistead Smathers (b. 1943) — also known as Bruce A. Smathers — of Florida. Born in Miami, Dade County (now Miami-Dade County), Fla., October 3, 1943. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during the Vietnam war; lawyer; secretary of state of Florida, 1975-78; candidate for Governor of Florida, 1978; lobbyist. Presbyterian. Still living as of 2000.
  Relatives: Son of George Armistead Smathers and Rosemary (Townley) Smathers; married to Nancy McDowell; grandnephew of William Howell Smathers.
  Political family: Smathers family of Miami, Florida.
  See also Wikipedia article
  Gerald Brooks Hunt Solomon (1930-2001) — also known as Gerald B. H. Solomon; "The Congressman from General Electric" — of Glens Falls, Warren County, N.Y. Born in Okeechobee, Okeechobee County, Fla., August 14, 1930. Republican. Served in the U.S. Marine Corps during the Korean conflict; insurance agent; member of New York state assembly 110th District, 1973-77; delegate to Republican National Convention from New York, 1976; U.S. Representative from New York, 1979-99 (29th District 1979-83, 24th District 1983-93, 22nd District 1993-99). Presbyterian. Member, Disabled American Veterans; American Legion; Farm Bureau; Grange; Freemasons; Shriners; Kiwanis. Leading advocate of a Constitutional amendment to ban burning of the U.S. flag. Died, of congestive heart failure, in Queensbury, Warren County, N.Y., October 26, 2001 (age 71 years, 73 days). Interment at Saratoga National Cemetery, Saratoga, N.Y.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — Wikipedia article — NNDB dossier — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Henrik Ekroll Stafseth (1919-2011) — also known as Henrik E. Stafseth; Hank Stafseth — of Grand Haven, Ottawa County, Mich. Born in Lansing, Ingham County, Mich., April 14, 1919. Republican. Served in the U.S. Navy during World War II; civil engineer; chair of Ottawa County Republican Party, 1958-60; delegate to Michigan state constitutional convention from Ottawa County, 1961-62. Presbyterian. Member, Rotary; American Legion; Kiwanis; Sigma Chi; Freemasons. Died in Florida, March 18, 2011 (age 91 years, 338 days). Burial location unknown.
  Relatives: Son of Henrik J. Stafseth and Inger (Nordhem) Stafseth; married to Lillian Mae Carisch.
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial
  Clifford Bundy Stearns (b. 1941) — also known as Cliff Stearns — of Ocala, Marion County, Fla. Born in Washington, D.C., April 16, 1941. Republican. U.S. Representative from Florida 6th District, 1989-. Presbyterian. Still living as of 2014.
  See also congressional biography — Govtrack.us page — NNDB dossier
  John Timothy Stone (1868-1954) — of Utica, Oneida County, N.Y.; Cortland, Cortland County, N.Y.; Baltimore, Md.; Chicago, Cook County, Ill.; Coral Gables, Dade County (now Miami-Dade County), Fla. Born in Stow, Middlesex County, Mass., September 7, 1868. Republican. Pastor; offered prayer, Republican National Convention, 1916, 1920. Presbyterian. Member, Delta Kappa Epsilon; Sons of the American Revolution. Died, in Presbyterian Hospital, Chicago, Cook County, Ill., June 27, 1954 (age 85 years, 293 days). Interment at Graceland Memorial Park North, Coral Gables, Fla.
  Relatives: Son of Rev. Timothy Dwight Porter Stone and Susan Margaret (Dickinson) Stone; married, November 28, 1895, to Bessie Parsons; married, June 22, 1932, to Marie Briggs.
  See also Wikipedia article — Find-A-Grave memorial
  Russell H. Strange II (1934-2001) — of Mt. Pleasant, Isabella County, Mich. Born in Mt. Pleasant, Isabella County, Mich., September 18, 1934. Republican. Tree farmer; member of Michigan state house of representatives, 1957-70 (Isabella District 1957-64, 100th District 1965-70); defeated in primary, 1970; delegate to Republican National Convention from Michigan, 1968. Presbyterian. Member, Freemasons; Sigma Chi; American Political Science Association; Rotary; Grange; Elks. Died in North Port, Sarasota County, Fla., December 6, 2001 (age 67 years, 79 days). Cremated; ashes interred at Epiphany Cathedral Memorial Garden, Venice, Fla.
  See also Find-A-Grave memorial
  Bill Sublette (b. 1963) — of Orlando, Orange County, Fla. Born in Walnut Creek, Contra Costa County, Calif., April 12, 1963. Republican. Lawyer; member of Florida state house of representatives 40th District, 1993-; candidate for mayor of Orlando, Fla., 2003. Presbyterian. Member, Phi Alpha Theta; Delta Tau Delta; Kiwanis. Still living as of 2003.
  Pat Thomas (1933-2000) — of Florida. Born in Quincy, Gadsden County, Fla., November 21, 1933. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during the Korean conflict; Florida Democratic state chair, 1966-70; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1968; candidate for nomination for Lieutenant Governor of Florida, 1970; member of Florida state house of representatives, 1973-74; member of Florida state senate, 1975-2000. Presbyterian. Member, Elks; Rotary; Freemasons; Shriners. Died, of multiple myeloma, in Quincy, Gadsden County, Fla., June 21, 2000 (age 66 years, 213 days). Interment at Hillcrest Cemetery, Quincy, Fla.
  John Thrasher (b. 1943) — of Florida. Born in Columbia, Richland County, S.C., December 18, 1943. Republican. Served in the U.S. Army during the Vietnam war; lawyer; member of Florida state house of representatives 19th District, 1993-; Speaker of the Florida State House of Representatives, 1999; candidate for Presidential Elector for Florida. Presbyterian. Member, Rotary. Still living as of 2000.
  Marjorie R. Turnbull (b. 1940) — of Leon County, Fla. Born in Madison, Dane County, Wis., July 4, 1940. Democrat. Member of Florida state house of representatives 9th District, 1995-; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 1996. Female. Presbyterian. Member, Phi Beta Kappa; Phi Kappa Phi; Zonta; Rotary. Still living as of 1999.
  Tom Warner (b. 1948) — of Florida. Born in Rochester, Monroe County, N.Y., February 6, 1948. Republican. Lawyer; member of Florida state house of representatives 82nd District, 1993-. Presbyterian. Still living as of 1999.
  Relatives: Married to Martha C. Warner.
  Michael C. Wiggins — also known as Mike Wiggins — of Pensacola, Escambia County, Fla. Mayor of Pensacola, Fla., 2009-11. Presbyterian. Member, Rotary. Still living as of 2011.
  Douglass Wiles (b. 1952) — also known as Doug Wiles — of St. Augustine, St. Johns County, Fla. Born in Andalusia, Covington County, Ala., November 7, 1952. Democrat. Member of Florida state house of representatives 20th District, 1997-; delegate to Democratic National Convention from Florida, 2004. Presbyterian. Member, Kiwanis. Still living as of 2004.
  Frederick P. Wright (1854-1916) — of St. Paul, Ramsey County, Minn. Born in Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pa., January 25, 1854. Republican. Newspaper work; mayor of St. Paul, Minn., 1892-94. Presbyterian. Died in Florida Keys, Monroe County, Fla., February 18, 1916 (age 62 years, 24 days). Interment at Oakland Cemetery, St. Paul, Minn.
  Robert Ralph Young (1897-1958) — also known as Robert R. Young; "Railroad Young"; "Populist of Wall Street"; "The Daring Young Man of Wall Street"; "Maverick of Wall Street" — of Newport, Newport County, R.I. Born in Canadian, Hemphill County, Tex., February 14, 1897. Republican. Stockbroker; financier; assistant treasurer of General Motors; predicted the 1929 stock market crash, and profited by selling stocks short; chairman of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway, and later the New York Central Railroads; delegate to Republican National Convention from Rhode Island, 1944. Presbyterian. Died from a self-inflicted gunshot, in Palm Beach, Palm Beach County, Fla., January 25, 1958 (age 60 years, 345 days). Interment at St. Mary's Episcopal Cemetery, Portsmouth, R.I.
  Relatives: Son of David John Young and Mary Arabella (Moody) Young; married, April 27, 1916, to Anita Ten Eyck O'Keeffe; father of Eleanor Jane 'Cookie' Young.
  See also Wikipedia article — Find-A-Grave memorial
"Enjoy the hospitable entertainment of a political graveyard."
Henry L. Clinton, Apollo Hall, New York City, February 3, 1872
The Political Graveyard

The Political Graveyard is a web site about U.S. political history and cemeteries. Founded in 1996, it is the Internet's most comprehensive free source for American political biography, listing 320,919 politicians, living and dead.
 
  The coverage of this site includes (1) the President, Vice President, members of Congress, elected state and territorial officeholders in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories; and the chief elected official, typically the mayor, of qualifying municipalities; (2) candidates at election, including primaries, for any of the above; (3) all federal judges and all state appellate judges; (4) certain federal officials, including the federal cabinet, diplomatic chiefs of mission, consuls, U.S. district attorneys, collectors of customs and internal revenue, members of major federal commissions; and political appointee (pre-1969) postmasters of qualifying communities; (5) state and national political party officials, including delegates, alternate delegates, and other participants in national party nominating conventions; (6) Americans who served as "honorary" consuls for other nations before 1950. Note: municipalities or communities "qualify", for Political Graveyard purposes, if they have at least half a million person-years of history, inclusive of predecessor, successor, and merged entities.  
  The listings are incomplete; development of the database is a continually ongoing project.  
  Information on this page — and on all other pages of this site — is believed to be accurate, but is not guaranteed. Users are advised to check with other sources before relying on any information here.  
  The official URL for this page is: https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/FL/presbyterian.html.  
  Links to this or any other Political Graveyard page are welcome, but specific page addresses may sometimes change as the site develops.  
  If you are searching for a specific named individual, try the alphabetical index of politicians.  
Copyright notices: (1) Facts are not subject to copyright; see Feist v. Rural Telephone. (2) Politician portraits displayed on this site are 70-pixel-wide monochrome thumbnail images, which I believe to constitute fair use under applicable copyright law. Where possible, each image is linked to its online source. However, requests from owners of copyrighted images to delete them from this site are honored. (3) Original material, programming, selection and arrangement are © 1996-2023 Lawrence Kestenbaum. (4) This work is also licensed for free non-commercial re-use, with attribution, under a Creative Commons License.
Site information: The Political Graveyard is created and maintained by Lawrence Kestenbaum, who is solely responsible for its structure and content. — The mailing address is The Political Graveyard, P.O. Box 2563, Ann Arbor MI 48106. — This site is hosted by HDL. — The Political Graveyard opened on July 1, 1996; the last full revision was done on March 8, 2023.

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