PoliticalGraveyard.com
The Political Graveyard: A Database of American History
China

U.S. diplomatic chiefs of mission to China

Caleb Cushing (Minister 1843-44) Caleb Cushing (Commissioner 1844) Alexander H. Everett (Commissioner 1845-47) John W. Davis (Commissioner 1848-50) Humphrey Marshall (Commissioner 1852-54) Robert M. McLane (Commissioner 1854) Peter Parker (Commissioner 1855-57) William B. Reed (Minister 1857-58) John E. Ward (Minister 1858-60) Anson Burlingame (Minister 1861-67) J. Ross Browne (Minister 1868-69) Frederick F. Low (Minister 1869-73) Benjamin P. Avery (Minister 1874-75) George F. Seward (Minister 1876-80) James B. Angell (Minister 1880-81) John Russell Young (Minister 1882-85) Enoch J. Smithers (Charge d'Affaires 1885) Charles H. Denby (Minister 1885-98) Edwin H. Conger (Minister 1898-1905) William W. Rockhill (Minister 1905-09) William J. Calhoun (Minister 1909-13) Paul S. Reinsch (Minister 1913-19) Charles R. Crane (Minister 1920-21) Jacob Gould Schurman (Minister 1921-25) John Van A. MacMurray (Minister 1925-29) Nelson T. Johnson (Minister 1929-35) Nelson T. Johnson (Ambassador 1935-41) Clarence E. Gauss (Ambassador 1941-44) Patrick J. Hurley (Ambassador 1944-45) J. Leighton Stuart (Ambassador 1946-49) Karl L. Rankin (Charge d'Affaires 1950-53) David K. E. Bruce (Liaison 1973-74) George Bush (Liaison 1974-75) Thomas S. Gates, Jr. (Liaison 1976-79) Leonard Woodcock (Ambassador 1979-81) Arthur W. Hummel, Jr. (Ambassador 1981-85) Winston Lord (Ambassador 1985-89) James R. Lilley (Ambassador 1989-91) J. Stapleton Roy (Ambassador 1991-95) James R. Sasser (Ambassador 1995-99) Joseph W. Prueher (Ambassador 1999-2001) Clark T. Randt, Jr. (Ambassador 2001-)

"Enjoy the hospitable entertainment of a political graveyard."
Henry L. Clinton, Apollo Hall, New York City, February 3, 1872
The Political Graveyard

The Political Graveyard is a web site about U.S. political history and cemeteries. Founded in 1996, it is the Internet's most comprehensive free source for American political biography, listing 320,919 politicians, living and dead.
 
  The coverage of this site includes (1) the President, Vice President, members of Congress, elected state and territorial officeholders in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories; and the chief elected official, typically the mayor, of qualifying municipalities; (2) candidates at election, including primaries, for any of the above; (3) all federal judges and all state appellate judges; (4) certain federal officials, including the federal cabinet, diplomatic chiefs of mission, consuls, U.S. district attorneys, collectors of customs and internal revenue, members of major federal commissions; and political appointee (pre-1969) postmasters of qualifying communities; (5) state and national political party officials, including delegates, alternate delegates, and other participants in national party nominating conventions; (6) Americans who served as "honorary" consuls for other nations before 1950. Note: municipalities or communities "qualify", for Political Graveyard purposes, if they have at least half a million person-years of history, inclusive of predecessor, successor, and merged entities.  
  The listings are incomplete; development of the database is a continually ongoing project.  
  Information on this page — and on all other pages of this site — is believed to be accurate, but is not guaranteed. Users are advised to check with other sources before relying on any information here.  
  The official URL for this page is: https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/ZZ/CH-diplomats.html.  
  Links to this or any other Political Graveyard page are welcome, but specific page addresses may sometimes change as the site develops.  
  If you are searching for a specific named individual, try the alphabetical index of politicians.  
Copyright notices: (1) Facts are not subject to copyright; see Feist v. Rural Telephone. (2) Politician portraits displayed on this site are 70-pixel-wide monochrome thumbnail images, which I believe to constitute fair use under applicable copyright law. Where possible, each image is linked to its online source. However, requests from owners of copyrighted images to delete them from this site are honored. (3) Original material, programming, selection and arrangement are © 1996-2023 Lawrence Kestenbaum. (4) This work is also licensed for free non-commercial re-use, with attribution, under a Creative Commons License.
Site information: The Political Graveyard is created and maintained by Lawrence Kestenbaum, who is solely responsible for its structure and content. — The mailing address is The Political Graveyard, P.O. Box 2563, Ann Arbor MI 48106. — This site is hosted by HDL. — The Political Graveyard opened on July 1, 1996; the last full revision was done on March 8, 2023.

Creative 
Commons License Follow polgraveyard on Twitter [Amazon.com]